Blog Post

Living With A Senior Pet

  • By Miramonte Veterinary Hospital
  • 02 Oct, 2019

Kenton Taylor, D.V.M.

As pets grow older, their personalities mature and deepen. Unfortunately, they also develop health problems associated with older age. The following are problems we commonly see in older pets and methods to manage them.


Loss of Senses  

Diminished vision can get in the way of catching treats or toys, hesitating at stairs or walking into traffic. The most common problem is lenticular or nuclear sclerosis which is a hardening of the lens. It is often mistaken for cataracts and other than affecting depth perception since dogs don’t have fine focal vision no treatment is indicated. Other problems can lead to difficulty seeing in the dark. Night lights at stairs and next to food and water can help. Blind dogs can be helped with a haloz (muffinshalo.com) to keep from bumping into things and bells on collars of other animals in the house can prevent being bumped into by them.


Hearing loss typically starts during the last third of a breed’s typical lifespan. Mid to high frequencies are affected first. Older pets “hear” the food bowl because they can still smell it. The sense of smell becomes more important as hearing and vision are lost. Scent markers such as Tracer2(innovetpet.com) can be used to guide pets with vision loss around furniture and to food and water.

 

Skin Conditions

Older dogs tend to more easily develop skin infections that can be mild resulting in scaly skin and foul odor at the skin. Often medicated shampoos and topical medications can control this. Dull and lusterless hair coats can benefit from brushing and addition of a fatty-acid supplement.

 

Mobility & Joint Movement

Mobility problems are best addressed early before pain and/or muscle atrophy becomes chronic. Addressing joint pain early provides for continued joint motion which keeps joints comfortable and maintains muscle tone and diminishes atrophy. Medical treatment and low-impact exercise prevent worsening of the pain and stiffness. Purposeful walks, starting with 5-10 minutes twice daily can produce surprising results. A “purposeful” walk is one that focuses on consistently walking rather than allowing sniffing for most of the walk time. Walks up and down hills will help to strengthen muscles with relatively low-impact activity. For those dogs with limited mobility, using a wagon to travel to a park and then getting out on the grass for wandering around and smell time gives them an enjoyable outing with mental stimulation.

 

For dogs with mobility problems, tile or wood floors can become unmanageable. Using carpet door mats on areas frequently traveled, booties with a non-slip surface, glue on paw pads and rubber toe nail rings can all help. Booties need to be removed when your dog is inactive to prevent moisture from causing skin irritation.

 

Weight Management

Extra body weight can quickly become a problem with food treats and diminished exercise. You should be able to feel the ribs when running your fingers down the side of the chest and there should be an obvious waist when looking down from above or from the side. Obesity is linked to multiple diseases and can be extremely debilitating in pets with chronic arthritis and is the primary predisposing factor in development of diabetes in cats. Begging is a common problem that doesn’t require that a food treat be given. Frequently what is wanted by your pet is to be recognized as an important family member. Petting, playing with your pet or if you must give food then giving them some of their usual food by hand is a “treat”. Foods sold as treats are generally very high in calories and so if treats must be given use treats that are just a couple of calories. Dogs find carrots and apples satisfying.


Sleep 

Some older dogs become restless at night and will pace and pant, keeping everyone awake. There are many reasons an older dog may have difficulty sleeping including both medical and behavior related reasons. Discomfort, anxiety and cognitive problems are most common. If the pet is comfortable then anti-anxiety and/or sedative medications are often needed. Besides allowing everyone to have a good night’s sleep it may also allow dogs to be more alert during the day.

 

Treats & Games

Mental stimulation improves the older pet’s quality of life. When walks outside are not possible, hide and seek is a great game, especially if there is a food reward for finding their person. And for those pets that like treats, the use of food puzzles (aikiou.com) and putting food in a Kong toy is mentally stimulating.

 

Our pets are remarkable in their acceptance and accommodation of their disabilities as they age. Recent improvements in our ability to recognize and manage pain, anxiety and disabilities can be life changing during their golden years.

By Admin 22 Jan, 2018
There is currently a confirmed local outbreak of H3N2 canine influenza. Reports of influenza cases began around 01/10 and significantly increased in number 01/15. Cases have been reported primarily from San Jose, Campbell and Sunnyvale.

The H3N2 strain of influenza Type A was first seen in the U.S. in Chicago in 2015. The virus is highly contagious and dogs can have mild symptoms that may be mistaken as so called “kennel cough” or more severe symptoms resulting in fever and pneumonia.
By Admin 14 Dec, 2017
Holiday time presents some situations which can be hazardous to your pet’s health. A little planning and taking extra precautions will keep the holidays a happy time for everyone.

Holiday food favorites can be dangerous for dogs watch out for “counter surfing” with food left on counters and serving areas. Fats, gravies and poultry skin can lead to gastrointestinal upset or worse pancreatitis. This inflammatory condition of the pancreas often requires hospitalized care and can be fatal. Keep trash where your pet cannot get to it. Food scraps and packaging can be delectable for your pet.
By Admin 14 Dec, 2017
Inflammation within the joints, osteoarthritis, is common in dogs with about 20% suffering the effects. It is a slowly evolving disease with development of joint pain, stiffness and limitation of motion. The most common cause is abnormal stresses on normal cartilage. Even tiny imperfections in the joints can lead to mechanical breakdowns and the resultant inflammation. The progression of the disease can be affected by body weight, amount of exercise and genetic influences.

The first symptom is loss of normal performance followed by stiffness after rest that usually lasts only a few minutes. Next, quality of life is affected – decreased exercise tolerance, not getting in or out of the car without help and decreased activity. These problems are frequently blamed on the pet’s increasing age. Progressive disease leads to lameness of a sudden or slow development. In some dogs there may be behavioral effects of joint discomfort including nervousness, aggression, depression and loss of appetite.
By Admin 08 Nov, 2017
Superficial shell abscesses and erosions, or shell rot as it is often called, is a common problem in aquatic chelonians. The keratin scutes that cover the bony shell develop defects or develop dark, pale or pink discolorations. The problem usually occurs as a result of infrequent water changes, lack of a filtration system, filtration system not cleaned and/or too low an environmental temperature.
By Admin 07 Nov, 2017
Miramonte Veterinary Hospital has been working with various rescue organizations to help kittens/cats and the occasional rat or rabbit find their permanent home. We do not receive any support or funding but do this as our contribution to the community.
Kittens ready to go to their new home:

Lemon Meringue: ~ 8 weeks old, male, castrated
Chocolate Banana Cream: ~ 8 weeks old, female, spayed
By Admin 07 Nov, 2017
Miramonte Veterinary Hospital has been working with various rescue organizations to help kittens/cats and the occasional rat or rabbit find their permanent home. We do not receive any support or funding but do this as our contribution to the community.
Kittens ready to go to their new home:

Coconut Cream: ~ 8 weeks old, male, castrated
Chocolate Mousse: ~ 8 weeks old, male, spayed
By Admin 07 Nov, 2017
Miramonte Veterinary Hospital has been working with various rescue organizations to help kittens/cats and the occasional rat or rabbit find their permanent home. We do not receive any support or funding but do this as our contribution to the community.

Vanilla Bean is a female rat who has been spayed. She loves to sit on your lap. She is ready to be yours!
By Admin 26 Aug, 2017
Few problems can be as frustrating for pet owners (and veterinarians) to deal with as allergies. For dogs and cats the itchy feeling can cause severe irritation and self-mutilation. Treating allergies can be as simple as an effective flea control. However, in severe cases obtaining complete control of allergies can be elusive and necessitate multiple treatments. It is almost always a lifelong problem and can be expensive to control.
By Admin 26 Jul, 2017
The weather here is as perfect as it gets for being outdoors at any time of day and any day of the year. So when warm weather comes the effects on our pets can come as a surprise especially on a midday hike in the hills or traveling to a warmer area. The effects of heat stroke can come quickly and mortality is 50%.

Heatstroke occurs when the body is generating more heat that it can get rid of. Short-nosed breeds of dogs, obese dogs, older dogs and those with upper airway or heart disease have more difficulty regulating body temperature. Nervous and excitable dogs along with those being excessively exercised are also at risk. Signs of heat stroke may begin with excessive panting and appearing distressed and becoming restless. Large amounts of saliva may come out of the mouth and/or nose. Weakness and difficulty in standing may then occur and you may notice gums looking bright red or purple/blue.  
By Admin 12 May, 2017
Well-meaning pet owners can be quite surprised when their pet requires multiple tooth extractions when they have regularly had non-professional dental scaling done. The primary reason is that removal of dental tartar on the visible surfaces of the teeth is not enough. The effect is purely cosmetic. Tartar under the gum line within the gingival pocket can only be removed under anesthesia and left on the teeth will contribute to periodontal disease. Periodontal disease starts with inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and can lead to periodontitis which is loss of the tooth supporting tissues.   Most small breed dogs have periodontal disease by 3 years of age. Untreated dental disease especially where extractions are needed is painful for your pet.   Many times pet owners have commented on how much more active and engaging their pet is after dental treatment.
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